Caijuan  Shou^1,2 , Jie  Zhang^1,2

1 Zhuji Jianmin Pharmacy, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China;
2 Institute of Life Sciences, Jiyang Colloge of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China
Author    Correspondence author
International Journal of Super Species Research, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 3   
Received: 21 Apr., 2024    Accepted: 23 May, 2024    Published: 30 May, 2024

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a formidable challenge due to its remarkable ability to adapt and evade both the immune system and antiretroviral therapies. This feature review delves into the multifaceted strategies employed by HIV to ensure its persistence and proliferation. Central to HIV's adaptability is its genetic diversity, driven by high mutation rates and recombination events duringreplication. These mechanisms enable the virus to rapidly develop resistance to antiretroviral drugs and escape immune responses, complicating efforts to design effective vaccines and treatments. The virus's ability to form a latent reservoir in resting memory CD4+T cells further complicates eradication efforts, as these reservoirs harbor escape mutations that render infected cells insensitive to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Additionally, the continuous evolution of new HIV subtypes poses significant challenges for disease management and vaccine development. Understanding these adaptation strategies is crucial for developing innovative therapeutic approaches and ultimately achieving a cure for HIV.

HIV adaptation; Genetic diversity; Antiretroviral resistance; Immune escape; Latent reservoir