Yue Zhu , Jinni Wu

Aquatic Biology Research Center, Cuixi Academy of Biotechnology, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China
Author    Correspondence author
International Journal of Molecular Ecology and Conservation, 2025, Vol. 15, No. 4   
Received: 10 May, 2025    Accepted: 18 Jun., 2025    Published: 03 Jul., 2025

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

This study reviews the research achievements in molecular ecology in recent years, sorted out the genetic diversity and global population structure of the main species of the Channa spp., revealed the genetic differentiation patterns of the native and invasive populations, as well as the ecological genetic mechanisms behind the successful invasion and rapid spread of acanthus. This study analyzed the population characteristics of the native Asian habitat and invasive regions such as North America and Europe through regional case studies, explored the invasion paths and spread patterns of black fish, and evaluated the possible ecological risks they might bring in new water areas. At the same time, the challenges faced in the management of black fish invasion were also discussed, emphasizing the importance of using population genetic data for risk assessment and traceability management, and looking forward to possible ways to curb the global invasion of black fish in the future by establishing transmission prediction models, developing genetic control technologies and implementing ecological restoration strategies. Studies have shown that the Channa spp exhibits significant genetic differentiation worldwide, as well as an invasion and diffusion ability driven by both biological characteristics and human activities. Strengthening international collaboration and conducting risk monitoring and management based on molecular ecological data are key measures to deal with the invasion of black fish. This research not only holds significance for protecting biodiversity but also provides crucial evidence for the assessment and traceability of intrusion risks.

Channa spp.; Genetic diversity; Invasive species; Population differentiation; Diffusion mechanism