Jing  He , Jun Li

Animal Science Research Center, Cuixi Academy of Biotechnology, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China
Author    Correspondence author
International Journal of Molecular Ecology and Conservation, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 5   
Received: 07 Aug., 2024    Accepted: 13 Sep., 2025    Published: 27 Sep., 2024

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

This study comprehensively analyzed the near and end causes that affect species endangerment, and explored the correlation mechanism between the two. Research has shown that habitat loss and fragmentation, overfishing, pollution, invasive alien species, and climate change are the main immediate causes of species endangerment, while human pressure, loss of genetic diversity, evolutionary constraints, disruption of reproductive strategies, and ecosystem changes constitute the ultimate causes of population decline. The synergistic effect of multiple threats, the impact of ecological thresholds, and the long-term evolutionary effects of rapid environmental changes also exacerbate the risk of species extinction. Through case studies on the decline of large carnivores in fragmented habitats, this study further analyzed the comprehensive impact of different threat factors and explored a series of conservation strategies, aiming to provide theoretical support for the development of more scientific and efficient biodiversity conservation measures, as well as guidance for policy makers and ecologists.

Endangered species; Population decline; Ecological protection; Genetic diversity; Climate change